ABSTRACT
Geographical information systems are frequently used in analyses of air quality based on location and time. They are also used in the creation of pollution distribution maps to determine the parameters related to air pollutants. In this study, a spatial analysis of SO2, PM10, CO, NO2 and O3 pollutants, which cause air pollution within the borders of the municipal urban areas of Konya province, was carried out for the years 2019–2020. In this context, air pollution maps were produced using the IDW interpolation method with data obtained from the National Air Quality Monitoring Network stations, which belong to the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, in the Konya region. The results obtained were examined with maps and graphics based on the limit values found in the Air Quality Assessment and Management Regulation published by the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization. In this context, the periods of lockdown experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic were also evaluated in terms of air pollution. From the evaluation made on the values taken from the air quality stations, it can be observed that the air pollution did not violate the national limit value much in 2019 and 2020. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Atmosphere is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and has been affecting the world since the end of 2019. The disease led to significant mortality and morbidity in Turkey, since the first case was reported on March 11th, 2020. Studies suggest a positive association between air pollution and SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of ambient particulate matters (PM), as potential carriers for SARS-CoV-2. Ambient PM samples in various size ranges were collected from 13 sites including urban and urban-background locations and hospital gardens in 10 cities across Turkey between 13th of May and 14th of June 2020 to investigate the possible presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on ambient PM. A total of 203 daily samples (TSP, n = 80; PM2.5, n = 33; PM2.5-10, n = 23; PM10µm, n = 19; and 6 size segregated PM, n = 48) were collected using various samplers. The N1 gene and RdRP gene expressions were analyzed for the presence of SARS-CoV-2, as suggested by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). According to real time (RT)-PCR and three-dimensional (3D) digital (d) PCR analysis, dual RdRP and N1 gene positivity were detected in 20 (9.8%) samples. Ambient PM-bound SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed quantitatively and the air concentrations of the virus ranged from 0.1 copies/m3 to 23 copies/m3. The highest percentages of virus detection on PM samples were from hospital gardens in Tekirdag, Zonguldak, and Istanbul, especially in PM2.5 mode. Findings of this study have suggested that SARS-CoV-2 may be transported by ambient particles, especially at sites close to the infection hot-spots. However, whether this has an impact on the spread of the virus infection remains to be determined.